Things to
remember:
†
Static is a keyword
used for memory management
†
Static means single copy storage for variable or method
†
Static keyword
can be applied to variables, methods,
inner class and blocks
†
Static members belongs
to class rather than instance of class
Static in java is a keyword that
indicates that the variables or functions are shared between all the instances
of a particular class since it belongs to the type, not the object. It is used
when the programmer wants to share the same variable or method of a class.
Static Variable:
†
The variable preceded
by ‘static’ keyword is ‘static
variable’
static int
a=10; //variable
static void m1()
{
// method
}
†
Static variable is used to refer common
property of all objects of class
·
How to access static variable?
There are two ways to access static variable:
i) Static
variable can be accessed by Class name
A. a ; [A is class name]
Where A is the class name and ‘a’ is a static variable declared in that
class
ii) Static variable can be accessed by object
I have a class name called ‘Sample’. Now, we
can create the object of the Sample class
Sample
h=new Sample ();
· How can I access static variable in two ways?
See in the following program:
package
com.javabykiran.Static;
/*
*
@author Java By Kiran
*/
public class Staticvar
{
static int i=10;
public static void main(String[]
args) {
Staticvar s =new
Staticvar();
System.out.println(s.i); //Not Recommended
System.out.println(Staticvar.i);
//Recommended
}
}
|
---Output---
10
10
|
†
In the above program, we printed the value of
variable by using object name and by using class name
†
Static variable gets loaded into the memory at the time of class loading
†
So, we can access static variable by reference variables as well.
†
In the above
program, if we create
only the reference of class like Staticvar
s1=null; System.out.println(s1.i); // possible
System.out.println(Staticvar.i);
//possible
The above
example compiles and executes successfully because the static variable get
loaded into the memory at the time of class loading
†
Static variable and method doesn't belong to
Object/Instance of the class since static variables are shared across all the
instances of Object
Example 1:
package com.jbk;
/*
* @author Java By Kiran
*/
public class StaticVar_Demo{
int a =10;
static int b
=10;
public
static void main(String[]args){
|
StaticVar_Demo st= new StaticVar_Demo();
System.out.println(st.a);
System.out.println(st.b);
StaticVar_Demo st1 = new
StaticVar_Demo();
int x = st1.a++;
System.out.println(x);
int y = st1.b++;
System.out.println(y);
StaticVar_Demo st2 = new
StaticVar_Demo();
int p = st2.a++;
System.out.println(p);
int q = st2.b++;
System.out.println(q);
StaticVar_Demo st3 = new
StaticVar_Demo();
int c = st3.a++;
System.out.println(c);
int d = st3.b++;
System.out.println(d);
}
}
|
---Output---
10
10
10
10
10
11
10
12
|
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